On December 3,2024, the Federal District Court for the Eastern District of Texas issued a preliminary injunction temporarily suspending the enforcement of the CTA (Texas Top Cop Shop, Inc. v. Garland, E.D. Tex., No. 4:24-cv-00478, Mazzant, J.).This ruling comes less than one month before the January 1, 2025 filing deadline for those entities existing prior to January 1, 2024 and leaves filing entities without clear guidelines. The U.S. government filed an appeal of the ruling on December 5, 2024.
The CTA is intended to combat the use of shell entities to perpetrate money laundering and other financial crimes. It requires legal entities such as corporations, limited liability companies, and limited partnerships to identify their individual beneficial owners. Beneficial owners include those who own 25% or more of an entity, those who exercise significant control over an entity, and, for those entities formed after January 1, 2024, the identity of up to two company applicants (the individuals who actually file the formation documents creating the entity).
At present, the CTA and its filing deadlines are suspended and of no effect. In other words, for the time-being (and perhaps indefinitely), affected entities do not need to file.
Since the order is temporary, however, it is subject to appeal and reversal, either by the issuing court or an appellate court (in this instance, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit). Should the preliminary injunction be stayed or reversed the filing requirements will be reinstated. Depending on the timing of a potential stay or reversal, filing entities would likely be afforded some additional time to file, but how much and when that could happen is unknown.
Although there is presently no need to file, it is anyone’s guess whether and how long that might last. To avoid the vagaries of these legal unknowns, entities may still voluntarily file beneficial ownership information. Doing so ensures an entity that it has complied with the CTA’s requirements regardless of the outcome of the pending legal proceedings and will prevent the entity from being caught by surprise or short of time should the injunction be stayed or reversed. Even where entities choose not to file voluntarily, they would be wise to have filing information ready to submit pending new developments. Given the present lack of clarity with the CTA, the best option is to be prepared for any outcome.
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1 The information contained herein is intended as a general overview and should not be construed as legal advice. Readers should not act upon it without professional counsel and should seek advice applicable to their specific situation.
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